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Monday, January 30, 2017

8 Block Oil and Gas Production to Decline


GROSS SPLIT PROFIT SHARING SCHEME 

The Government has appointed PT Pertamina to manage the eight oil and gas blocks whose contract expires in 2018.

Scheme for production at the block of eight automatic use gross scheme split, with models of all the production costs are the responsibility of the operator. Meanwhile, the profit-sharing scheme previously used cost recovery, production costs be borne by the government. Eight oil and gas blocks that old age is more than 30 years so that production costs would be higher than the new block. It was feared causing oil and gas production in 2019 may decline due to gross split implement schemes.

Pertamina will become a new player in six oil and gas blocks that will be out of contract in 2018 that, while the company has been existed as an operator in two other blocks. Eight oil and gas blocks that are assigned to Pertamina namely Tuban Block (JOB Pertamina-PetroChina East Java), Block Ogan Ogan [JOB Pertamina-Talisman), Sanga-Sanga (Virginia Indonesia Oil Company LLC / VICO), Block Southeast Sumatra (CNOOC SES Ltd. ), North Sumatra Block Offshore, (Pertamina), Central Block (Total E & P Indonesie), Block East Kalimantan (Indonesia Chevron Company), and Block Attaka (Chevron).

Block Attaka participation shares, 50% owned by Chevron Indonesia Company and 50% Indonesia Petroleum (Inpex). In Block SES, CNOOC SES Ltd controls the shares 65, S4%, Inpex Sumatra, 13.07%, 8.91% Cnoc Sumatra Ltd, Talisman UK Ltd. Southeast Sumatra 7.48%, and Risco Energy Pte. Ltd. 5%. All shares of participation Block East Kalimantan controlled by Chevron Indonesia Company. Composition stock Sanga-Sanga, 26.25% owned by BP East Kalimantan, Lasmo Sanga-Sanga 26.25%, Virginia International Co. 15.62%, Upicol Houston Inc. 20%, and Universe Gas & Oil Company Inc. 4.37%.

Analyst Upstream Oil and Gas and Wood Mackenzie, company analysts and researchers in the field of energy, Johan Utama said, contract production sharing contract / PSC split with gross schemes encourage cost efficiency in order to project more profitable. On the other hand, the general management of the old field require a greater cost to maintain production of oil and gas.

According to him, the number of wells that is not activated may increase if the development costs do not correspond to the scale of all economies. The decline in production, he says, be a risk that should automatically be taken into account. Risk increased because in addition to the transition of PSC PSC gross cost recovery be split are also switching carriers.

In the report of Wood Mackenzie, the oil production in the Asia Pacific region is expected to fall by 1 million barrels per day (bpd) in 2020. The largest contribution came from China which is 47% or 470,000 bpd, Indonesia 27%, or 270,000 bpd, Thailand and India 8% or 80,000 bpd, Malaysia 4% or 40,000 bpd, and other countries 7% or 70,000 bpd. "The possibility that some courts are too expensive to perform maintenance. When that happens, some of the field will be switched off early and we will see a decline in production faster, "he said. PT Pertamina Upstream Director Syamsu Alam said eight oil and gas blocks that will be out of contract and will be managed by Pertamina in accordance with the company's portfolio.

A Not Calculated

However, the company does not calculate the economic field when using gross production sharing contract scheme split. With eight of these assets, the company's contribution to domestic oil production could increase to around 30% -40% by 2019 from the current 24%, or 220,000 bpd of national lifting. According to him, the addition of eight new assets was a challenge because of the eight work areas have more and 30 years old. On the other hand, the government wants the oil and gas production from these blocks is maintained in spite of operators and cooperation contracts are used to change.

"The strategy is clear, must remain a work program that is sustainable and of course the details will we evaluate every year," said Alam. He said, the company will begin the transition process this year because in 2018 his contract officially ends. Thus, Pertamina could be involved in the activities management of the block before the contract expires to maintain oil and gas production. She hoped that the transition can be seamless. "this year should already be started because his contract runs out next year."

Director General of Oil and Gas Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Wiratmaja Puja IGN previously said, to maintain the stability of the oil and gas production in a field is not easy. However, he called the practice applied in the Mahakam block will be repeated at the switch block and contract management rights. The government has issued Regulation No. Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources 30/2016 on the Amendment to Regulation No.18 / 2015 on the Management of Oil and Gas Work will Ended Period contract.

Stated that to maintain the upstream oil and gas activities in the transitional period. Signed, stated Acting Minister Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan, Pertamina or the new contractor must make arrangements with the contractor exist related to the financing and activities.

Article 27B EMR Regulation No. 30/2016, all expenses incurred by Pertamina or a new contractor for the preparation of over operations can be restored by a new cooperation contract. Meanwhile, in the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 8/2017 on Contracts Gross Split, the transition from the PSC cost recovery will accommodate the cost of undelivered by converting into a production sharing contractor on gross PSC split.

IN INDONESIAN

SKEMA BAGI HASIL GROSS SPLIT

Produksi 8 Blok Migas Berpotensi Turun


Pemerintah telah menunjuk PT Pertamina untuk mengelola delapan blok minyak dan gas bumi yang kontraknya akan berakhir pada 2018.

Skema bagi hasil produksi pada delapan blok tersebut otomatis menggunakan skema gross split, dengan model seluruh biaya produksi menjadi tanggung jawab operator. Sementara itu, skema bagi hasil sebelumnya menggunakan cost recovery, biaya produksi menjadi tanggungan pemerintah. Delapan blok migas itu berusia tua yaitu lebih dari 30 tahun sehingga biaya produksi bakal lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan blok baru. Hal itu dikhawatirkan menyebabkan produksi migas pada 2019 berpotensi turun karena menerapkan skema gross split.

Pertamina akan menjadi pemain baru di enam blok migas yang akan habis kontrak pada 2018 itu, sedangkan perseroan selama ini telah eksis sebagai operator di dua blok lainnya. Delapan blok migas yang ditugaskan kepada Pertamina yakni Blok Tuban (JOB Pertamina-PetroChina East Java), Blok Ogan Komering [JOB Pertamina-Talisman), Blok Sanga-Sanga (Virginia Indonesia Oil Company LLC/VICO), Blok Southeast Sumatera (CNOOC SES Limited), Blok North Sumatera Offshore, (Pertamina), Blok Tengah (Total E&P Indonesie), Blok East Kalimantan (Chevron Indonesia Company), dan Blok Attaka (Chevron). 

Saham partisipasi Blok Attaka, 50% dikuasai Chevron Indonesia Company dan 50% Indonesia Petroleum (Inpex). Di Blok SES, CNOOC SES Ltd menguasai saham 65,S4%, Inpex Sumatera 13,07%, CNOC Sumatera Ltd 8,91%, Talisman UK Southeast Sumatera Ltd. 7,48%, dan Risco Energy Pte. Ltd. 5%. Seluruh saham partisipasi Blok East Kalimantan dikuasai Chevron Indonesia Company. Komposisi saham Blok Sanga-Sanga, 26.25% dikuasai BP East Kalimantan, LASMO Sanga-Sanga 26,25%, Virginia International Co. 15,62%, Upicol Houston Inc 20%, dan Universe Gas&Oil Company Inc. 4,37%.

Analis Hulu Migas dan Wood Mackenzie, perusahaan analis dan peneliti bidang energi, Johan Utama mengatakan, kontrak production sharing contract/PSC dengan skema gross split mendorong efisiensi biaya agar proyek memberi keuntungan lebih besar. Di sisi lain, secara umum pengelolaan lapangan tua membutuhkan biaya yang lebih besar untuk mempertahankan produksi minyak dan gas bumi.

Menurutnya, jumlah sumur-sumur yang tak diaktifkan bisa saja bertambah bila biaya pengembangannya tak sesuai dengan skala ke-ekonomian. Penurunan produksi, katanya, menjadi risiko yang otomatis harus diperhitungkan. Risiko bertambah karena selain adanya peralihan dari PSC cost recovery menjadi PSC gross split terdapat juga peralihan operator. 

Dalam laporan Wood Mackenzie, produksi minyak di Asia Pasifik diperkirakan akan merosot 1 juta barel per hari (bph) pada 2020. Kontribusi terbesar berasal dari China yakni 47% atau 470.000 bph, Indonesia 27% atau 270.000 bph, Thailand dan India 8% atau 80.000 bph, Malaysia 4% atau 40.000 bph, dan negara lainnya 7% atau 70.000 bph. “Terdapat kemungkinan beberapa lapangan terlalu mahal untuk melakukan perawatan. Bila itu terjadi, beberapa lapangan akan di nonaktifkan lebih awal dan kita akan melihat penurunan produksi yang lebih cepat,” ujarnya. Direktur Hulu PT Pertamina Syamsu Alam mengatakan, delapan blok migas yang akan habis kontrak dan akan dikelola oleh Pertamina telah sesuai dengan portofolio perseroan. 

Belum Dihitung

Namun, perseroan belum menghitung keekonomian lapangan bila menggunakan skema kontrak bagi hasil gross split. Dengan delapan aset tersebut, kontribusi perseroan terhadap produksi minyak domestik bisa bertambah menjadi sekitar 30%-40% pada 2019 dari posisi saat ini 24% atau 220.000 bph dari lifting nasional. Menurutnya, penambahan delapan aset baru itu menjadi tantangan karena delapan wilayah kerja telah berumur lebih dan 30 tahun. Di sisi lain, pemerintah menginginkan agar produksi migas dari blok-blok tersebut tetap terjaga kendati operator dan kontrak kerja sama yang digunakan berubah. 

“Strateginya jelas, harus tetap ada program kerja yang berkesinambungan dan tentu detail-nya akan kita evaluasi setiap tahun," ujar Alam. Dia menyebut, perseroan akan memulai proses transisi pada tahun ini karena pada 2018 kontraknya resmi berakhir. Dengan demikian, Pertamina bisa terlibat dalam kegiatan pengelolaan blok sebelum kontrak berakhir untuk menjaga produksi migas. Dia berharap agar masa transisi bisa berjalan secara mulus. “Tahun ini
sudah harus mulai karena kontraknya habis tahun depan.”

Direktur Jenderal Minyak dan Gas Bumi Kementerian ESDM IGN Wiratmaja Puja sebelumnya mengatakan, untuk mempertahankan stabilitas produksi migas di suatu lapangan bukanlah hal yang mudah. Namun, dia menyebut praktik yang diterapkan pada Blok Mahakam akan diulang pada blok yang beralih hak pengelolaannya dan kontraknya. Pemerintah telah menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 30/2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Menteri No.18/2015 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Kerja Minyak dan Gas Bumi yang akan Berakhir Masa Kontraknya.

Beleid itu untuk menjaga kegiatan hulu migas di masa transisi. Dalam beleid yang ditandatangani Pelaksana Tugas Menteri ESDM Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan itu, Pertamina atau kontraktor baru harus membuat perjanjian dengan kontraktor eksis terkait dengan pembiayaan dan kegiatan.

Dalam Pasal 27B Peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 30/2016, seluruh biaya yang dikeluarkan Pertamina atau kontraktor baru untuk persiapan alih operasi dapat dikembalikan berdasarkan kontrak kerja sama baru. Sementara itu, dalam Peraturan Menteri ESDM No. 8/2017 tentang Kontrak Gross Split, peralihan dari PSC cost recovery akan mengakomodasi biaya yang belum dikembalikan dengan cara mengkonversi menjadi bagi hasil kontraktor pada PSC gross split. 

Bisnis Indonesia, Page-30, Monday, Jan, 30, 2017

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